For Tetris the parts would be:
Mechanics: Different shaped objects fall down from the top of the screen. You need to place them to the bottom filling and completing the bottom area to solid blocks. Once you have completed a row, it is removed. Game ends when any piece hits the top of the screen after being dropped.
Gameplay: Gameplay speeds up every time a row is completed and removed. For the experience the aim is to get the player to a flow feeling. Positive feedback is provided for every placed piece and removed row.
Controls: On PC , use arrow keys left and right to rotate, space to drop the piece immediately.
Objective: Keep the screen clear and don't hit the top of the screen with any piece that has been dropped.
Visuals: The style is 2D casual meaning colourful blocks.
Content: Original Tetris had only one level which you would play to the end. You could have a level structure and each level could have different objective: complete 10 rows, complete 20 rows and so on. Game could contain a storyline, a character to guide you through the game, another to be your worst rival. Game could have power-ups like full wipe out that would clear the entire screen.
User interface: We need in-game screen, scorecard atleast. In addition we can have a main menu, help screen, settings, loading screen and pause screen. If we expand the core game with a
metagame, a map screen for level selection and a intermediate screen for the storyline.
Theme: We could place the game in a forest and we'd be building trees. In city and the pieces would be blocks we use to build houses.
Story: The game could have a story which could be about building a city for the new comers and your job is to provide that city. Every removed row would be a floor to the building and when the level ends, the house would as many floor as you completed rows. This house would then be placed to the city. With the tree theme, every removed row would contribute to the height of the tree.